目录

0018:四数之和(★)

力扣第 18 题

题目

给你一个由 n 个整数组成的数组 nums ,和一个目标值 target 。请你找出并返回满足下述全部条件且不重复的四元组 [nums[a], nums[b], nums[c], nums[d]] (若两个四元组元素一一对应,则认为两个四元组重复):

  • 0 <= a, b, c, d < n
  • abcd 互不相同
  • nums[a] + nums[b] + nums[c] + nums[d] == target

你可以按 任意顺序 返回答案 。

示例 1:

输入:nums = [1,0,-1,0,-2,2], target = 0
输出:[[-2,-1,1,2],[-2,0,0,2],[-1,0,0,1]]

示例 2:

输入:nums = [2,2,2,2,2], target = 8
输出:[[2,2,2,2]]

提示:

  • 1 <= nums.length <= 200
  • -109 <= nums[i] <= 109
  • -109 <= target <= 109

分析

类似 0015,不过是多加了一重循环。

解答

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class Solution:
    def fourSum(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[List[int]]:
        nums.sort()
        n = len(nums)
        d = {x:i for i,x in enumerate(nums)}
        res = []
        for i in range(n):
            if i and nums[i]==nums[i-1]:
                continue
            for j in range(i+1,n):
                if j>i+1 and nums[j]==nums[j-1]:
                    continue
                for k in range(j+1,n):
                    if k>j+1 and nums[k]==nums[k-1]:
                        continue
                    t = target-nums[i]-nums[j]-nums[k]
                    if d.get(t,-1)>k:
                        res.append((nums[i],nums[j],nums[k],t))
        return res

时间 O(N^3),662 ms

*附加

本题的循环轮数较多,可以加强限制,例如:

  • sum(nums[i:i+4])>target 时可以跳出循环
  • nums[i]+sum(nums[-3:])<target 时,可以跳过 i
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class Solution:
    def fourSum(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[List[int]]:
        nums.sort()
        d = {x: i for i, x in enumerate(nums)}
        res, n = [], len(nums)
        for i in range(n-3):
            if sum(nums[i:i+4])>target:
                break
            if (i and nums[i]==nums[i-1]) or nums[i]+sum(nums[-3:])<target:
                continue
            for j in range(i+1, n-2):
                if nums[i]+sum(nums[j:j+3])>target:
                    break
                if (j>i+1 and nums[j]==nums[j-1]) or nums[i]+nums[j]+sum(nums[-2:])<target:
                    continue
                for k in range(j+1, n-1):
                    if nums[i]+nums[j]+sum(nums[k:k+2])>target:
                        break
                    if k>j+1 and nums[k]==nums[k-1]:
                        continue
                    t = target-nums[i]-nums[j]-nums[k]
                    if d.get(t,-1)>k:
                        res.append([nums[i], nums[j], nums[k], t])
        return res

51 ms